Clinical Practice SWES Practice Exam

Which diagnostic characteristic aligns with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

1. Anticipatory anxiety about separation

2. Recurrent avoidance of reminders

3. Flashbacks and nightmares following trauma

4. Disconnection from reality

The correct answer is: Flashbacks and nightmares following trauma

The diagnostic characteristic that aligns with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the presence of flashbacks and nightmares following trauma. This symptom reflects the intrusive thoughts and memories often experienced by individuals with PTSD, where they relive the traumatic event as if it is happening again. Flashbacks can be vivid and distressing, and nightmares can disrupt sleep, both of which can significantly affect the daily lives of those suffering from PTSD. These symptoms highlight the way trauma impacts the cognitive and emotional processing of individuals, leading to heightened anxiety and distress. The experience of intrusive memories, such as flashbacks and nightmares, is a core feature of PTSD and distinguishes it from anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions that may not involve such traumatic re-experiencing. In contrast, anticipatory anxiety about separation is more indicative of attachment issues, while recurrent avoidance of reminders speaks to how those with PTSD may try to cope with their symptoms by avoiding triggers related to the traumatic event. Disconnection from reality might suggest additional symptoms found in other disorders but isn't specific to PTSD. Thus, the presence of flashbacks and nightmares distinctly signifies PTSD and aligns with its diagnostic criteria.